/****************************************************************************
Title : HD44780U LCD library
Author: Peter Fleury <pfleury@gmx.ch> http://jump.to/fleury
File: $Id: lcd.c,v 1.14.2.1 2006/01/29 12:16:41 peter Exp $
Software: AVR-GCC 3.3
Target: any AVR device, memory mapped mode only for AT90S4414/8515/Mega
DESCRIPTION
Basic routines for interfacing a HD44780U-based text lcd display
Originally based on Volker Oth's lcd library,
changed lcd_init(), added additional constants for lcd_command(),
added 4-bit I/O mode, improved and optimized code.
Library can be operated in memory mapped mode (LCD_IO_MODE=0) or in
4-bit IO port mode (LCD_IO_MODE=1). 8-bit IO port mode not supported.
Memory mapped mode compatible with Kanda STK200, but supports also
generation of R/W signal through A8 address line.
USAGE
See the C include lcd.h file for a description of each function
*****************************************************************************/
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
#include "lcd_HD44780.h"
#include <config.h>
#ifdef ANIMATION_OUTPUT
uint8_t animation;
#endif
// custom LCD characters
unsigned char __attribute__ ((progmem)) LcdCustomChar[] =
{
0x04, 0x0A, 0x0E, 0x01, 0x0F, 0x11, 0x0F, 0x00, // 0. å
0x04, 0x0A, 0x0E, 0x11, 0x1F, 0x11, 0x11, 0x00, // 1. Å
0x0A, 0x00, 0x0E, 0x11, 0x1F, 0x11, 0x11, 0x00, // 2. Ä
0x0A, 0x0E, 0x11, 0x11, 0x11, 0x11, 0x0E, 0x00, // 3. Ö
0x00, 0x1F, 0x1E, 0x1E, 0x1E, 0x1E, 0x1F, 0x00, // 4. 4/5 full progress block
0x00, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x00, // 5. 5/5 full progress block
};
/*
** constants/macros
*/
//#define DDR(x) (*(&x - 1)) /* address of data direction register of port x */
//#define PIN(x) (*(&x - 2)) /* address of input register of port x */
#if LCD_IO_MODE
#define lcd_e_delay() __asm__ __volatile__( "rjmp 1f\n 1:" );
#define lcd_e_high() gpio_set_pin(LCD_E);
#define lcd_e_low() gpio_clr_pin(LCD_E);
#define lcd_e_toggle() toggle_e();
#define lcd_rw_high() gpio_set_pin(LCD_RW)
#define lcd_rw_low() gpio_clr_pin(LCD_RW)
#define lcd_rs_high() gpio_set_pin(LCD_RS)
#define lcd_rs_low() gpio_clr_pin(LCD_RS)
#endif
#if LCD_IO_MODE
#if LCD_LINES==1
#define LCD_FUNCTION_DEFAULT LCD_FUNCTION_4BIT_1LINE
#else
#define LCD_FUNCTION_DEFAULT LCD_FUNCTION_4BIT_2LINES
#endif
#else
#if LCD_LINES==1
#define LCD_FUNCTION_DEFAULT LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT_1LINE
#else
#define LCD_FUNCTION_DEFAULT LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT_2LINES
#endif
#endif
#if LCD_CONTROLLER_KS0073
#if LCD_LINES==4
#define KS0073_EXTENDED_FUNCTION_REGISTER_ON 0x24 /* |0|010|0100 4-bit mode extension-bit RE = 1 */
#define KS0073_EXTENDED_FUNCTION_REGISTER_OFF 0x20 /* |0|000|1001 4 lines mode */
#define KS0073_4LINES_MODE 0x09 /* |0|001|0000 4-bit mode, extension-bit RE = 0 */
#endif
#endif
/*
** function prototypes
*/
#if LCD_IO_MODE
static void toggle_e(void);
#endif
/*
** local functions
*/
/*************************************************************************
delay loop for small accurate delays: 16-bit counter, 4 cycles/loop
*************************************************************************/
static inline void _delayFourCycles(unsigned int __count)
{
if ( __count == 0 )
__asm__ __volatile__( "rjmp 1f\n 1:" ); // 2 cycles
else
__asm__ __volatile__ (
"1: sbiw %0,1" "\n\t"
"brne 1b" // 4 cycles/loop
: "=w" (__count)
: "0" (__count)
);
}
/*************************************************************************
delay for a minimum of <us> microseconds
the number of loops is calculated at compile-time from MCU clock frequency
*************************************************************************/
#define delay(us) _delayFourCycles( ( ( 1*(F_OSC/4000) )*us)/1000 )
#if LCD_IO_MODE
/* toggle Enable Pin to initiate write */
static void toggle_e(void)
{
lcd_e_high();
lcd_e_delay();
lcd_e_low();
}
#endif
/*************************************************************************
Low-level function to write byte to LCD controller
Input: data byte to write to LCD
rs 1: write data
0: write instruction
Returns: none
*************************************************************************/
#if LCD_IO_MODE
static void lcd_write(uint8_t data,uint8_t rs)
{
if (rs) { /* write data (RS=1, RW=0) */
lcd_rs_high();
} else { /* write instruction (RS=0, RW=0) */
lcd_rs_low();
}
lcd_rw_low();
/* configure data pins as output */
gpio_set_out(LCD_DB4); //DDR(LCD_DATA0_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN);
gpio_set_out(LCD_DB5); //DDR(LCD_DATA1_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN);
gpio_set_out(LCD_DB6); //DDR(LCD_DATA2_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN);
gpio_set_out(LCD_DB7); //DDR(LCD_DATA3_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN);
/* output high nibble first */
gpio_clr_pin(LCD_DB7); //LCD_DATA3_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN);
gpio_clr_pin(LCD_DB6); //LCD_DATA2_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN);
gpio_clr_pin(LCD_DB5); //LCD_DATA1_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN);
gpio_clr_pin(LCD_DB4); //LCD_DATA0_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN);
if(data & 0x80) gpio_set_pin(LCD_DB7); //LCD_DATA3_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN);
if(data & 0x40) gpio_set_pin(LCD_DB6); //LCD_DATA2_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN);
if(data & 0x20) gpio_set_pin(LCD_DB5); //LCD_DATA1_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN);
if(data & 0x10) gpio_set_pin(LCD_DB4); //LCD_DATA0_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN);
lcd_e_toggle();
/* output low nibble */
gpio_clr_pin(LCD_DB7); //LCD_DATA3_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN);
gpio_clr_pin(LCD_DB6); //LCD_DATA2_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN);
gpio_clr_pin(LCD_DB5); //LCD_DATA1_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN);
gpio_clr_pin(LCD_DB4); //LCD_DATA0_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN);
if(data & 0x08) gpio_set_pin(LCD_DB7); //LCD_DATA3_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN);
if(data & 0x04) gpio_set_pin(LCD_DB6); //LCD_DATA2_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN);
if(data & 0x02) gpio_set_pin(LCD_DB5); //LCD_DATA1_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN);
if(data & 0x01) gpio_set_pin(LCD_DB4); //LCD_DATA0_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN);
lcd_e_toggle();
/* all data pins high (inactive) */
gpio_set_pin(LCD_DB7); //LCD_DATA3_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN);
gpio_set_pin(LCD_DB6); //LCD_DATA2_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN);
gpio_set_pin(LCD_DB5); //LCD_DATA1_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN);
gpio_set_pin(LCD_DB4); //LCD_DATA0_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN);
}
#else
#define lcd_write(d,rs) if (rs) *(volatile uint8_t*)(LCD_IO_DATA) = d; else *(volatile uint8_t*)(LCD_IO_FUNCTION) = d;
/* rs==0 -> write instruction to LCD_IO_FUNCTION */
/* rs==1 -> write data to LCD_IO_DATA */
#endif
/*************************************************************************
Low-level function to read byte from LCD controller
Input: rs 1: read data
0: read busy flag / address counter
Returns: byte read from LCD controller
*************************************************************************/
#if LCD_IO_MODE
static uint8_t lcd_read(uint8_t rs)
{
uint8_t data;
if (rs)
lcd_rs_high(); /* RS=1: read data */
else
lcd_rs_low(); /* RS=0: read busy flag */
lcd_rw_high(); /* RW=1 read mode */
/* configure data pins as input */
gpio_set_in(LCD_DB4); //DDR(LCD_DATA0_PORT) &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN);
gpio_set_in(LCD_DB5); //DDR(LCD_DATA1_PORT) &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN);
gpio_set_in(LCD_DB6); //DDR(LCD_DATA2_PORT) &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN);
gpio_set_in(LCD_DB7); //DDR(LCD_DATA3_PORT) &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN);
/* read high nibble first */
lcd_e_high();
lcd_e_delay();
data = 0;
if (gpio_get_state(LCD_DB4)) data |= 0x10; // if ( PIN(LCD_DATA0_PORT) & _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN) ) data |= 0x10;
if (gpio_get_state(LCD_DB5)) data |= 0x20; //if ( PIN(LCD_DATA1_PORT) & _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN) ) data |= 0x20;
if (gpio_get_state(LCD_DB6)) data |= 0x40; //if ( PIN(LCD_DATA2_PORT) & _BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN) ) data |= 0x40;
if (gpio_get_state(LCD_DB7)) data |= 0x80; //if ( PIN(LCD_DATA3_PORT) & _BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN) ) data |= 0x80;
lcd_e_low();
lcd_e_delay(); /* Enable 500ns low */
/* read low nibble */
lcd_e_high();
lcd_e_delay();
if (gpio_get_state(LCD_DB4)) data |= 0x01; // if ( PIN(LCD_DATA0_PORT) & _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN) ) data |= 0x01;
if (gpio_get_state(LCD_DB5)) data |= 0x02; //if ( PIN(LCD_DATA1_PORT) & _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN) ) data |= 0x02;
if (gpio_get_state(LCD_DB6)) data |= 0x04; //if ( PIN(LCD_DATA2_PORT) & _BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN) ) data |= 0x04;
if (gpio_get_state(LCD_DB7)) data |= 0x08; //if ( PIN(LCD_DATA3_PORT) & _BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN) ) data |= 0x08;
lcd_e_low();
return data;
}
#else
#define lcd_read(rs) (rs) ? *(volatile uint8_t*)(LCD_IO_DATA+LCD_IO_READ) : *(volatile uint8_t*)(LCD_IO_FUNCTION+LCD_IO_READ)
/* rs==0 -> read instruction from LCD_IO_FUNCTION */
/* rs==1 -> read data from LCD_IO_DATA */
#endif
/*************************************************************************
loops while lcd is busy, returns address counter
*************************************************************************/
static uint8_t lcd_waitbusy(void)
{
register uint8_t c;
/* wait until busy flag is cleared */
while ( (c=lcd_read(0)) & (1<<LCD_BUSY)) {}
/* the address counter is updated 4us after the busy flag is cleared */
delay(2);
/* now read the address counter */
return (lcd_read(0)); // return address counter
}/* lcd_waitbusy */
/*************************************************************************
Move cursor to the start of next line or to the first line if the cursor
is already on the last line.
*************************************************************************/
static inline void lcd_newline(uint8_t pos)
{
register uint8_t addressCounter;
#if LCD_LINES==1
addressCounter = 0;
#endif
#if LCD_LINES==2
if ( pos < (LCD_START_LINE2) )
addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE2;
else
addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE1;
#endif
#if LCD_LINES==4
#if KS0073_4LINES_MODE
if ( pos < LCD_START_LINE2 )
addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE2;
else if ( (pos >= LCD_START_LINE2) && (pos < LCD_START_LINE3) )
addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE3;
else if ( (pos >= LCD_START_LINE3) && (pos < LCD_START_LINE4) )
addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE4;
else
addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE1;
#else
if ( pos < LCD_START_LINE3 )
addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE2;
else if ( (pos >= LCD_START_LINE2) && (pos < LCD_START_LINE4) )
addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE3;
else if ( (pos >= LCD_START_LINE3) && (pos < LCD_START_LINE2) )
addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE4;
else
addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE1;
#endif
#endif
lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+addressCounter);
}/* lcd_newline */
/*
** PUBLIC FUNCTIONS
*/
/*************************************************************************
Send LCD controller instruction command
Input: instruction to send to LCD controller, see HD44780 data sheet
Returns: none
*************************************************************************/
void lcd_command(uint8_t cmd)
{
lcd_waitbusy();
lcd_write(cmd,0);
}
/*************************************************************************
Send data byte to LCD controller
Input: data to send to LCD controller, see HD44780 data sheet
Returns: none
*************************************************************************/
void lcd_data(uint8_t data)
{
lcd_waitbusy();
lcd_write(data,1);
}
/*************************************************************************
Set cursor to specified position
Input: x horizontal position (0: left most position)
y vertical position (0: first line)
Returns: none
*************************************************************************/
void lcd_gotoxy(uint8_t x, uint8_t y)
{
#if LCD_LINES==1
lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE1+x);
#endif
#if LCD_LINES==2
if ( y==0 )
lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE1+x);
else
lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE2+x);
#endif
#if LCD_LINES==4
if ( y==0 )
lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE1+x);
else if ( y==1)
lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE2+x);
else if ( y==2)
lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE3+x);
else /* y==3 */
lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE4+x);
#endif
}/* lcd_gotoxy */
/*************************************************************************
*************************************************************************/
int lcd_getxy(void)
{
return lcd_waitbusy();
}
/*************************************************************************
Clear display and set cursor to home position
*************************************************************************/
void lcd_clrscr(void)
{
lcd_command(1<<LCD_CLR);
}
/*************************************************************************
Set cursor to home position
*************************************************************************/
void lcd_home(void)
{
lcd_command(1<<LCD_HOME);
}
/*************************************************************************
Display character at current cursor position
Input: character to be displayed
Returns: none
*************************************************************************/
void lcd_putc(char c)
{
uint8_t pos;
pos = lcd_waitbusy(); // read busy-flag and address counter
if (c=='\n')
{
lcd_newline(pos);
}
else
{
#if LCD_WRAP_LINES==1
#if LCD_LINES==1
if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE1+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ) {
lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE1,0);
}
#elif LCD_LINES==2
if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE1+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ) {
lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE2,0);
}else if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE2+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ){
lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE1,0);
}
#elif LCD_LINES==4
if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE1+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ) {
lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE2,0);
}else if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE2+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ) {
lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE3,0);
}else if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE3+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ) {
lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE4,0);
}else if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE4+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ) {
lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE1,0);
}
#endif
lcd_waitbusy();
#endif
#ifdef ANIMATION_OUTPUT
if (animation){
lcd_write(5,1);
delay(ANIMATION_OUTPUT);
lcd_command(LCD_MOVE_CURSOR_LEFT);
delay(ANIMATION_OUTPUT);
}
#endif
lcd_write(c, 1);
}
}/* lcd_putc */
/*************************************************************************
Display string without auto linefeed
Input: string to be displayed
Returns: none
*************************************************************************/
void lcd_puts(const char *s)
/* print string on lcd (no auto linefeed) */
{
register char c;
while ( (c = *s++) ) {
lcd_putc(c);
}
}/* lcd_puts */
/*************************************************************************
Display string from program memory without auto linefeed
Input: string from program memory be be displayed
Returns: none
*************************************************************************/
void lcd_puts_p(const char *progmem_s)
/* print string from program memory on lcd (no auto linefeed) */
{
register char c;
while ( (c = pgm_read_byte(progmem_s++)) ) {
lcd_putc(c);
}
}/* lcd_puts_p */
/*************************************************************************
Initialize display and select type of cursor
Input: dispAttr LCD_DISP_OFF display off
LCD_DISP_ON display on, cursor off
LCD_DISP_ON_CURSOR display on, cursor on
LCD_DISP_CURSOR_BLINK display on, cursor on flashing
Returns: none
*************************************************************************/
void lcd_init(uint8_t dispAttr)
{
#if LCD_IO_MODE
/*
* Initialize LCD to 4 bit I/O mode
*/
// LED_ON
/* configure all port bits as output (LCD data and control lines on different ports */
gpio_set_out(LCD_RS); //DDR(LCD_RS_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_RS_PIN);
gpio_set_out(LCD_RW); //DDR(LCD_RW_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_RW_PIN);
gpio_set_out(LCD_E); //DDR(LCD_E_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_E_PIN);
gpio_set_out(LCD_DB4); //DDR(LCD_DATA0_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN);
gpio_set_out(LCD_DB5); //DDR(LCD_DATA1_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN);
gpio_set_out(LCD_DB6); //DDR(LCD_DATA2_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN);
gpio_set_out(LCD_DB7); //DDR(LCD_DATA3_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN);
//LED_ON
delay(16000); /* wait 16ms or more after power-on */
/* initial write to lcd is 8bit */
gpio_set_pin(LCD_DB5); //LCD_DATA1_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN); // _BV(LCD_FUNCTION)>>4;
gpio_set_pin(LCD_DB4); //LCD_DATA0_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN); // _BV(LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT)>>4;
lcd_e_toggle();
delay(4992); /* delay, busy flag can't be checked here */
/* repeat last command */
lcd_e_toggle();
delay(64); /* delay, busy flag can't be checked here */
/* repeat last command a third time */
lcd_e_toggle();
delay(64); /* delay, busy flag can't be checked here */
/* now configure for 4bit mode */
gpio_clr_pin(LCD_DB4); //LCD_DATA0_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN); // LCD_FUNCTION_4BIT_1LINE>>4
lcd_e_toggle();
delay(64); /* some displays need this additional delay */
/* from now the LCD only accepts 4 bit I/O, we can use lcd_command() */
#else
/*
* Initialize LCD to 8 bit memory mapped mode
*/
/* enable external SRAM (memory mapped lcd) and one wait state */
MCUCR = _BV(SRE) | _BV(SRW);
/* reset LCD */
delay(16000); /* wait 16ms after power-on */
lcd_write(LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT_1LINE,0); /* function set: 8bit interface */
delay(4992); /* wait 5ms */
lcd_write(LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT_1LINE,0); /* function set: 8bit interface */
delay(64); /* wait 64us */
lcd_write(LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT_1LINE,0); /* function set: 8bit interface */
delay(64); /* wait 64us */
#endif
#if KS0073_4LINES_MODE
/* Display with KS0073 controller requires special commands for enabling 4 line mode */
lcd_command(KS0073_EXTENDED_FUNCTION_REGISTER_ON);
lcd_command(KS0073_4LINES_MODE);
lcd_command(KS0073_EXTENDED_FUNCTION_REGISTER_OFF);
#else
lcd_command(LCD_FUNCTION_DEFAULT); /* function set: display lines */
#endif
lcd_command(LCD_DISP_OFF); /* display off */
lcd_clrscr(); /* display clear */
lcd_command(LCD_MODE_DEFAULT); /* set entry mode */
lcd_command(dispAttr); /* display/cursor control */
// load the custom characters for the bargraph
lcdLoadCustomChar((uint8_t*)LcdCustomChar,0,0);
lcdLoadCustomChar((uint8_t*)LcdCustomChar,1,1);
lcdLoadCustomChar((uint8_t*)LcdCustomChar,2,2);
lcdLoadCustomChar((uint8_t*)LcdCustomChar,3,3);
lcdLoadCustomChar((uint8_t*)LcdCustomChar,4,4);
lcdLoadCustomChar((uint8_t*)LcdCustomChar,5,5);
}/* lcd_init */
#ifdef ANIMATION_OUTPUT
void lcd_setanimation(uint8_t animation_set){
animation = animation_set;
}
#endif
void lcdProgressBar(uint16_t progress, uint16_t maxprogress, uint8_t length){
uint8_t i;
uint32_t pixelprogress;
uint8_t c;
pixelprogress = 1;
pixelprogress = pixelprogress*progress*length*6/maxprogress; //TODO: Typecasta p� ett snyggare s�tt
// print exactly "length" characters
for(i=0; i<length; i++){
// check if this is a full block, or partial or empty
// (u16) cast is needed to avoid sign comparison warning
if( ((i*(uint16_t)6)+5) > pixelprogress ) {
// this is a partial or empty block
if( ((i*(uint16_t)6)) > pixelprogress ){
// this is an empty block
// use space character?
c = 0;
} else {
// this is a partial block
c = pixelprogress % 6;
}
} else {
// this is a full block
c = 5;
}
// write character to display
lcd_putc(c);
}
}
void lcdLoadCustomChar(uint8_t* lcdCustomCharArray, uint8_t romCharNum, uint8_t lcdCharNum)
{
register uint8_t i;
// uint8_t saveDDRAMAddr;
// backup the current cursor position
// saveDDRAMAddr = lcdControlRead() & 0x7F; TODO: Fix me
// multiply the character index by 8
lcdCharNum = (lcdCharNum<<3); // each character occupies 8 bytes
romCharNum = (romCharNum<<3); // each character occupies 8 bytes
// copy the 8 bytes into CG (character generator) RAM
for(i=0; i<8; i++)
{
// set CG RAM address
lcd_command((1<<LCD_CGRAM) | (lcdCharNum+i));
// write character data
lcd_data( pgm_read_byte(lcdCustomCharArray+romCharNum+i) );
}
// restore the previous cursor position
// lcd_command(1<<LCD_DDRAM | saveDDRAMAddr); todo: fix me
}